DNA Metabarcoding Can Refine Diet Profiles
To build much more detailed diet profiles for each herbivore species, researchers use a technique called DNA metabarcoding.
Additional Information: DNA barcoding involves sequencing a region of DNA (the barcode) from a single sample and matching that sequence to a reference database of barcode sequences. The reference database (also called a library) is established over several years by many scientists who collect, catalogue, and sequence the barcodes of different species of plants. A match reveals the identity of that sample. DNA metabarcoding expands this technique to analyze many sequences from multiple samples at once.)
It involves the following steps:
- Collect animal dung, which contains some animal cells and undigested cells from any plants the animal ate.
- Isolate DNA from the dung.
- Match the DNA to a reference library of plant DNA to identify the plants the animal ate.
- Repeat the process with dung samples from many animal species to build a diet profile for each species.